Since glycolysis by nature is not an efficient process, if it lacks sufficient amounts of oxygen the end product pyruvate, is reduced to lactate with NADH as the reducing agent. To efficiently produce ATP, the process of glycolysis must be near an abundance of oxygen. Therefore, these two groups of organisms have been allowed to diverge interdependently through this natural life cycle.īiological oxidation-reduction reactions, or simply biological oxidations utilize multiple stages or processes of oxidation to produce large amounts of Gibbs energy, which is used to synthesize the energy unit called adenosine triphosphate or ATP. It is therefore through this process that heterotrophs (most generally "animals" which consume other organisms obtain energy) and autotrophs (plants which are able to produce their own energy) participate in an environmental cycle of exchanging carbon dioxide and water to produce energy containing glucose for organismal oxidation and energy production, and subsequently allowing the regeneration of the byproducts carbon dioxide and water, to begin the cycle again.
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